DAY 110Quick read

Pobitora Wildlife Sanctuary is a wildlife sanctuary on the southern bank of the Brahmaputra in Morigaon district in Assam, India. It was declared in 1987 and covers 38.85 km², providing grassland and wetland habitat for the Indian rhinoceros.
About 72% of Pobitora Sanctuaryconsists of wet savannah of Arundodonax and Saccharum. The remaining area is covered by water bodies. It is often called ‘Mini Kaziranga’ due to similar landscape and vegetation.

The wild water buffalo, also called Asian buffalo, Asiatic buffalo and wild Asian buffalo, is a large bovine native to the Indian subcontinent and Southeast Asia.
The global population of wild buffaloes is estimated to be 3,800 of which 3,500 are in India. These animals are accorded the highest level of protection under the Wildlife (Protection) Act, 1972, by inclusion in Schedule I.
Wild buffaloes migrated between the Indravati tiger reserve located across the state’s boundary in Chhattisgarh and Maharashtra

The National Tiger Conservation Authority (NTCA) is a statutory body of the Ministry, with an overarching supervisory / coordination role, performing functions as provided in the Wildlife (Protection) Act, 1972.
The Environment Minister is the Chairman of the NTCA.

The International Fund for Animal Welfare is one of the largest animal welfare and conservation charities in the world(Voluntary, NGO). The organization works to rescue individual animals, safeguard populations, preserve habitat, and advocate for greater protections.
Established in 1969.UN and IUCN has no association during establishment.

Emissions Trading Scheme programme is a market-based system where the government sets a cap on emissions and allows industries to buy and sell permits to stay below the cap. Gujarat became the world’s first market for particulate matter emissions in the world after 155 industrial units of Surat came together for “live trading” under the Emissions Trading Scheme(ETS) on World Environment Day 2019.
Under the programme, the government sets a cap on emissions and allows industries to buy and sell permits to stay below the cap. As the first market-based approach to regulating pollution emissions in India, it is expected to slash air pollution at lower costs for both the government and industry, and provide best practices for replicating trading schemes to other emissions.

The Smart Food Executive Council has been formed under the aegis of the Smart Food Initiative that was launched in 2013 and stemmed from the strategic thinking around the need for food that fulfils the criteria of being good for the consumer, good for the planet and good for the farmer.
A major objective under the initiative is to diversify staples which can have the strongest impact on nutrition, the environment and farmer welfare.
Smart food Initiative was launched by the International Crops Research Institute for the Semi-Arid-Tropics (ICRISAT).

The International Energy Agency is a Paris-based autonomous intergovernmental organization established in the framework of the Organisation for Economic Co-operation and Development in 1974 in the wake of the 1973 oil crisis.
The annual World Energy Outlook is the International Energy Agency’s flagship publication,
India is not a member of IEA.

The Global Carbon Project, which puts out emission estimates for across the world every year, has said India’s emissions in 2019 was likely to be only 1.8 per cent higher than in 2018.
The GCP is a Global Research Project of Future Earth and a research partner of the World Climate Research Programme.
Established in 2001, its projects include global budgets for three dominant greenhouse gases — CO2, methane, and nitrous oxide — and complementary efforts in urban, regional, cumulative, and negative emissions.
China is the largest emitter.

The Bonn Challenge is a global effort to bring 150 million hectares of the world’s deforested and degraded land into restoration by 2020, and 350 million hectares by 2030.
It was launched in 2011 by the Government of Germany and IUCN, and later endorsed and extended by the New York Declaration on Forests at the 2014 UN Climate Summit.

Biogenic methane. Biogenic methane is produced from biological (plant and animal) sources. This is carbon recently derived from carbon dioxide (CO2) present in the atmosphere. When the methane is emitted it causes additional warming (as methane is a more potent greenhouse gas than CO2).
Biogenic methane is a short-lived gas and degrades into the atmosphere over the decades.